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React 整合指南

使用 zkenc-js 建立具有见证加密功能的交互式 React 应用程序。

我们要建立什么

一个 React 应用程序:

  • 在浏览器中加密和解密消息
  • 使用数独谜题作为电路
  • 提供直观的 UI
  • 处理文件上传和下载

前置需求

  • Node.js 18+
  • 基本的 React 和 TypeScript 知识
  • Circom 编译的电路文件

步骤 1:项目设置

建立新的 Vite + React + TypeScript 项目:

npm create vite@latest zkenc-react-app -- --template react-ts
cd zkenc-react-app
npm install

安装 zkenc-js:

npm install zkenc-js

步骤 2:添加电路文件

将编译好的电路文件复制到 public/circuits/

public/
└── circuits/
├── simple.r1cs
└── simple.wasm

这让浏览器可以透过 fetch 载入它们。

步骤 3:建立电路载入器

建立 src/utils/circuit.ts

import { CircuitFiles } from "zkenc-js";

export async function loadCircuitFiles(): Promise<CircuitFiles> {
const [r1csResponse, wasmResponse] = await Promise.all([
fetch("/circuits/simple.r1cs"),
fetch("/circuits/simple.wasm"),
]);

if (!r1csResponse.ok || !wasmResponse.ok) {
throw new Error("无法载入电路文件");
}

const [r1csBuffer, wasmBuffer] = await Promise.all([
r1csResponse.arrayBuffer(),
wasmResponse.arrayBuffer(),
]);

return {
r1csBuffer: new Uint8Array(r1csBuffer),
wasmBuffer: new Uint8Array(wasmBuffer),
};
}

步骤 4:建立加密组件

建立 src/components/EncryptionForm.tsx

import { useState } from "react";
import { zkenc } from "zkenc-js";
import { loadCircuitFiles } from "../utils/circuit";

export function EncryptionForm() {
const [message, setMessage] = useState("");
const [publicValue, setPublicValue] = useState(30);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
const [ciphertext, setCiphertext] = useState<Uint8Array | null>(null);
const [error, setError] = useState("");

const handleEncrypt = async () => {
setLoading(true);
setError("");

try {
// 载入电路文件
const circuitFiles = await loadCircuitFiles();

// 准备输入
const publicInputs = { publicValue };
const messageBytes = new TextEncoder().encode(message);

// 加密
const result = await zkenc.encrypt(
circuitFiles,
publicInputs,
messageBytes
);

setCiphertext(result.ciphertext);
} catch (err) {
setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "加密失败");
} finally {
setLoading(false);
}
};

const handleDownload = () => {
if (!ciphertext) return;

const blob = new Blob([ciphertext], { type: "application/octet-stream" });
const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
const a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = url;
a.download = "encrypted.bin";
a.click();
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
};

return (
<div className="encryption-form">
<h2>加密消息</h2>

<div className="form-group">
<label>消息:</label>
<textarea
value={message}
onChange={(e) => setMessage(e.target.value)}
placeholder="输入你的秘密消息..."
rows={4}
/>
</div>

<div className="form-group">
<label>公开值:</label>
<input
type="number"
value={publicValue}
onChange={(e) => setPublicValue(Number(e.target.value))}
/>
<small>注意:私密值必须是 {100 - publicValue} 才能解密</small>
</div>

<button onClick={handleEncrypt} disabled={loading || !message}>
{loading ? "加密中..." : "加密"}
</button>

{error && <div className="error">{error}</div>}

{ciphertext && (
<div className="success">
<p>✅ 加密成功!</p>
<p>密文大小:{ciphertext.length} 字节</p>
<button onClick={handleDownload}>下载密文</button>
</div>
)}
</div>
);
}

步骤 5:建立解密组件

建立 src/components/DecryptionForm.tsx

import { useState } from "react";
import { zkenc } from "zkenc-js";
import { loadCircuitFiles } from "../utils/circuit";

export function DecryptionForm() {
const [publicValue, setPublicValue] = useState(30);
const [privateValue, setPrivateValue] = useState(70);
const [ciphertext, setCiphertext] = useState<Uint8Array | null>(null);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
const [decrypted, setDecrypted] = useState("");
const [error, setError] = useState("");

const handleFileUpload = (e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
const file = e.target.files?.[0];
if (!file) return;

const reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = () => {
const arrayBuffer = reader.result as ArrayBuffer;
setCiphertext(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
};
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);
};

const handleDecrypt = async () => {
if (!ciphertext) {
setError("请上传密文文件");
return;
}

if (publicValue + privateValue !== 100) {
setError(`无效的见证:${publicValue} + ${privateValue} ≠ 100`);
return;
}

setLoading(true);
setError("");
setDecrypted("");

try {
// 载入电路文件
const circuitFiles = await loadCircuitFiles();

// 准备完整输入
const fullInputs = {
publicValue,
privateValue,
};

// 解密
const decryptedBytes = await zkenc.decrypt(
circuitFiles,
ciphertext,
fullInputs
);

const message = new TextDecoder().decode(decryptedBytes);
setDecrypted(message);
} catch (err) {
setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : "解密失败");
} finally {
setLoading(false);
}
};

return (
<div className="decryption-form">
<h2>解密消息</h2>

<div className="form-group">
<label>密文文件:</label>
<input type="file" onChange={handleFileUpload} accept=".bin" />
{ciphertext && <small>已载入:{ciphertext.length} 字节</small>}
</div>

<div className="form-group">
<label>公开值:</label>
<input
type="number"
value={publicValue}
onChange={(e) => setPublicValue(Number(e.target.value))}
/>
</div>

<div className="form-group">
<label>私密值:</label>
<input
type="number"
value={privateValue}
onChange={(e) => setPrivateValue(Number(e.target.value))}
/>
<small>
必须满足:{publicValue} + {privateValue} = 100
</small>
</div>

<button onClick={handleDecrypt} disabled={loading || !ciphertext}>
{loading ? "解密中..." : "解密"}
</button>

{error && <div className="error">{error}</div>}

{decrypted && (
<div className="success">
<h3>✅ 解密消息:</h3>
<pre>{decrypted}</pre>
</div>
)}
</div>
);
}

步骤 6:建立主应用程序

更新 src/App.tsx

import { useState } from "react";
import { EncryptionForm } from "./components/EncryptionForm";
import { DecryptionForm } from "./components/DecryptionForm";
import "./App.css";

function App() {
const [mode, setMode] = useState<"encrypt" | "decrypt">("encrypt");

return (
<div className="app">
<header>
<h1>zkenc 示范</h1>
<p>浏览器中的见证加密</p>
</header>

<div className="mode-selector">
<button
className={mode === "encrypt" ? "active" : ""}
onClick={() => setMode("encrypt")}
>
加密
</button>
<button
className={mode === "decrypt" ? "active" : ""}
onClick={() => setMode("decrypt")}
>
解密
</button>
</div>

<main>
{mode === "encrypt" ? <EncryptionForm /> : <DecryptionForm />}
</main>

<footer>
<p>由 zkenc-js 驱动</p>
</footer>
</div>
);
}

export default App;

src/App.css 中添加基本样式:

.app {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem;
}

header {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.mode-selector {
display: flex;
gap: 1rem;
justify-content: center;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.mode-selector button {
padding: 0.5rem 2rem;
font-size: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
}

.mode-selector button.active {
background: #007bff;
color: white;
}

.form-group {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.form-group label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
font-weight: bold;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.5rem;
font-size: 1rem;
}

.error {
color: red;
margin-top: 1rem;
}

.success {
background: #d4edda;
border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
padding: 1rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}

步骤 7:配置 Vite

更新 vite.config.ts 以处理 WASM:

import { defineConfig } from "vite";
import react from "@vitejs/plugin-react";

export default defineConfig({
plugins: [react()],
optimizeDeps: {
exclude: ["zkenc-js"],
},
});

步骤 8:执行和测试

启动开发服务器:

npm run dev

访问 http://localhost:5173 并试用:

  1. 加密:

    • 输入消息:"Hello, zkenc!"
    • 公开值:30
    • 点击「加密」
    • 下载密文
  2. 解密:

    • 上传密文文件
    • 公开值:30
    • 私密值:70
    • 点击「解密」
    • 查看解密的消息!

进阶:Web Workers

为了更好的效能,使用 Web Workers 来避免阻塞主执行绪。

建立 src/workers/zkenc.worker.ts

import { zkenc, CircuitFiles } from "zkenc-js";

self.onmessage = async (e) => {
const { type, data } = e.data;

try {
if (type === "encrypt") {
const { circuitFiles, publicInputs, message } = data;
const result = await zkenc.encrypt(circuitFiles, publicInputs, message);
self.postMessage({ success: true, result });
} else if (type === "decrypt") {
const { circuitFiles, ciphertext, inputs } = data;
const decrypted = await zkenc.decrypt(circuitFiles, ciphertext, inputs);
self.postMessage({ success: true, decrypted });
}
} catch (error) {
self.postMessage({
success: false,
error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : "未知错误",
});
}
};

在组件中使用 worker:

const worker = new Worker(
new URL("../workers/zkenc.worker.ts", import.meta.url),
{ type: "module" }
);

worker.postMessage({
type: "encrypt",
data: { circuitFiles, publicInputs, message },
});

worker.onmessage = (e) => {
if (e.data.success) {
setCiphertext(e.data.result.ciphertext);
} else {
setError(e.data.error);
}
};

生产建置

为生产环境建置:

npm run build

dist/ 文件夹包含你的生产就绪应用程序。

部署

Vercel

npm install -g vercel
vercel deploy

Netlify

npm install -g netlify-cli
netlify deploy --prod

GitHub Pages

vite.config.ts 中添加:

export default defineConfig({
base: "/zkenc-react-app/",
// ... 其余配置
});

建置和部署:

npm run build
npx gh-pages -d dist

下一步

疑难排解

电路文件 404:

  • 确保文件在 public/circuits/
  • 检查浏览器 DevTools 中的网络标签
  • 验证文件名称完全相符

WASM 初始化失败:

  • 在 vite.config.ts 的 optimizeDeps.exclude 中添加 zkenc-js
  • 清除 Vite 缓存:rm -rf node_modules/.vite

效能缓慢:

  • 对繁重操作使用 Web Workers
  • 在首次载入后缓存电路文件
  • 考虑电路复杂度

内存问题:

  • 大型电路使用更多内存
  • 对大型文件使用串流
  • 对非常大的文件考虑服务器端加密